junit版本:4.1.2 参考
常用注解:
- @BeforeClass：所有test方法执行之前执行
- @AfterClass：在所有test方法执行完之后执行，比如:连接关闭，资源回收等操作
- @Before：在每个case执行之前都会run
- @After：在每个case执行完之后都会run
- @Ignore：整个测试类run时忽略当前case
- @Test：当前方法将会被当做测试用例，timeout():方法运行时间限制，expected():期待抛出的异常
- @RunWith：用于测试类，用来确定这个类怎么运行的。默认BlockJUnit4ClassRunner运行器
@RunWith
1. Parameterized.class
/*
参数化运行器，配合@Parameters 使用
@see share ParametersDemo.java
*/
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@AllArgsConstructor
public class ParametersDemo {
private int numberOne;
private int numberTwo;
private int expectedNumber;
/**
* 1）必须由@Parameters注解修饰
* 2）必须为public static的
* 3）必须返回Collection类型
* 4）方法名字不做要求
* 5）无参数
*/
@Parameters
public static Collection mockData() {
return Arrays.asList(new Integer[][]{
{-1, -2, -1},
{0, 2, 2},
{-1, 1, 1},
{1, 2, 2}});
}
@Test
public void test() {
int max = Integer.max(numberOne, numberTwo);
Assert.assertEquals(expectedNumber, max);
}
}
2. Suite.class
/*
测试集运行器配合使用测试集功能
一次性测试A、B、C类中的测试方法
*/
@RunWith(Suite.class)
@SuiteClasses({A.class,B.class,C.class})
public class Demo{}
3. Categories.class
@RunWith(Categories.class)
/**
* 执行哪些类型
*/
@Categories.IncludeCategory({Character.class, Animal.class})
/**
* 哪些类型的测试
*/
@Suite.SuiteClasses({A.class, B.class, Dog.class})
public class CategoriesDemo {}
public interface Animal {}
public interface Character {}
@Category(Character.class)
public class A {
@Test
public void print() {
System.out.println("A");
}
}
public class B {
@Test
public void print() {
System.out.println("B");
}
}
public class Dog {
@Test
@Category(Animal.class)
public void print() {
System.out.println("Dog");
}
}
4. SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class
/**
* spring测试使用
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:application-test.xml"})
public class SpringTestDemo{}
@Rule
规则器，提供了测试用例在执行过程中通用功能的共享的能力
1. TemporaryFolder
创建零时测试文件，并在测试后自动删除
public class TemporaryFolderDemo {
@Rule
public TemporaryFolder folder = new TemporaryFolder();
@Test
public void temporaryFolder() throws IOException {
File createdFolder = folder.newFolder("rule");
File createdFile = folder.newFile("test.txt");
assertTrue(createdFile.exists());
assertTrue(createdFolder.exists());
}
}
2. ErrorCollector
在一个测试方法中收集多个错误,抛出异常时，程序不会停止运行，直到最后，会将所有搜集的异常抛出
public class ErrorCollectorDemo {
@Rule
public ErrorCollector errorCollector = new ErrorCollector();
@Test
public void errorCollector() {
try {
throw new RuntimeException();
} catch (Throwable e) {
errorCollector.addError(e);
}
Integer out = errorCollector.checkSucceeds(() -> {
//异常 结果不能返回。无异常 返回结果
Assert.assertTrue(true);
return 1;
});
}
}
3. Verifier
校验对象状态，在 @After 步骤之后执行
public class VerifierDemo {
private List<String> list = Lists.newArrayList();
@Rule
public TestName testName = new TestName();
@Rule
public Verifier verifier = new Verifier() {
/**
* 每个case执行之后进行校验
*/
@Override
public void verify() {
//不为空校验
if (Objects.isNull(list) || list.size() == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("list size is null");
}
}
};
@Test
public void testOne() {
System.out.println(testName.getMethodName());
}
@Test
public void testTwo() {
list.add("test");
}
/**
* verifier 运行在 @After 步骤之后
*/
@After
public void afterExecute() {
System.out.println(testName.getMethodName() + " after");
}
}
4. TestWatcher
在方法执行期间添加执行日志
public class TestWatcherDemo {
private static String watchedLog = "";
@Rule
public TestWatcher watchman = new TestWatcher() {
@Override
protected void failed(Throwable e, Description description) {
watchedLog += description + "\n";
System.out.println(watchedLog);
}
@Override
protected void succeeded(Description description) {
watchedLog += description + "\n";
System.out.println(watchedLog);
}
};
@Test
public void fails() {
fail();
}
@Test
public void succeeds() {
}
}
5. TestName
保留测试的方法名
public class TestNameDemo {
@Rule
public TestName testName = new TestName();
@Test
public void testA() {
Assert.assertEquals("testA", testName.getMethodName());
}
@Test
public void testB() {
Assert.assertEquals("testB", testName.getMethodName());
}
}
6. Timeout
限制测试方法执行时间
public class TimeoutDemo {
@Rule
public Timeout timeout = Timeout.seconds(1);
@Test
public void test() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(1);
}
}
7. ExpectedException
校验抛出的异常
public class ExpectedExceptionDemo {
@Rule
public ExpectedException expectedException = ExpectedException.none();
@Test
public void throwsIllegalArgumentExceptionIfIconIsNull() {
expectedException.expect(IllegalArgumentException.class);
expectedException.expectMessage("Negative value not allowed");
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative value not allowed");
}
}
